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1 tvorìti
tvorìti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `make'Old Church Slavic:Russian:tvorít' `create, do' [verb], tvorjú [1sg], tvorít [3sg]Czech:tvořiti `do, make' [verb]Slovak:Polish:tworzyć `do, make' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:tvòriti `do, make' [verb], tvòrīm [1sg]Slovene:tvoríti `form, make' [verb], tvorím [1sg]Bulgarian:tvoríti `create' [verb]Lithuanian:tvérti `seize, form' [verb]Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: tuorH- -
2 zьrěti
I. zьrěti I Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `see, look at'Old Church Slavic:zьrěti `see, look at' [verb], zьrjǫ [1sg]Russian:Czech:zříti `see' [verb]Slovak:Old Polish:źrzeć `see' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:zrȅti (obs.) `watch' [verb], zrȇm [1sg]Slovene:zrẹ́ti `look (at)' [verb], zrèm [1sg]Bulgarian:Lithuanian:žėrė́ti `shine, sparkle' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: ǵʰr(H)-II. zьrěti II Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `ripen'Old Church Slavic:zьrělъ (Supr.) `ripe' [adj o]Church Slavic:zьrěti `ripen' [verb]Russian:Czech:zráti `ripen' [verb]Slovak:Polish:źrzeć `ripen' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:zrȅti `ripen' [verb]Slovene:zrẹ́ti `ripen' [verb], zrẹ̑jem [1sg], zrẹ̑m [1sg]Bulgarian:zréja `ripen' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: ǵrH₂-Page in Pokorny: 390Other cognates:Skt. járati `make old, let smth. reach an old age' [verb];Gk. γραυ̃ς `old woman' [f];Gk. γη̃ρας `old age' [n] -
3 děti
I. děti I Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `do, say'Page in Trubačev: IV 229-230Old Church Slavic:dějati `do, say' [verb], dějǫ [1sg];děti sę `get to, disappear' [verb], deždǫ sę [1sg] \{1\};-děti `do, say' [verb], -dějǫ [1sg], -deždǫ [1sg], -děnǫ [1sg]Russian:déjat' (dial.) `do, make' [verb], déju [1sg]Czech:díti (obs.) `speak' [verb]Old Czech:Polish:dziać `weave, knit (arch.), do' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:djȅti `do, say' [verb], djȅdēm [1sg], djȅnēm [1sg];djȅsti (Vuk) `do, say' [verb], djȅdēm [1sg], djȅnēm [1sg]Slovene:dẹjáti `do, say' [verb], dẹ̑jem [1sg];dẹjáti `place, put, do, say' [verb], dẹ̑m [1sg];dẹjáti `place, put' [verb], dẹ́nem [1sg], dę́nem [1sg];dẹ́ti `place, put, do, say' [verb], dẹ̑m [1sg]Lithuanian:dė́ti `lay, put' [verb], dẽda [3ps];Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: dʰeh₁-Page in Pokorny: 235Other cognates:Skt. dádhāti `put, place, make' [verb];Notes:\{1\} The SJS gives děti sę, 1sg. deždǫ sę, 2sg. deždeši sę (Hilf., Venc.). The latter text does not belong to the Old Church Slavic canon. The quoted passages do not show that the present stem dežd- occurs in Hilf. \{2\} In his Old Czech dictionary, Gebauer has děti, děju `do' and děti, děju `speak, say'. In his Czech historical grammar (III.2: 228), however, he says that deju `I speak' is not attested and claims that the attested 1sg. diem is an innovation.II. děti II Grammatical information: Nompf. Proto-Slavic meaning: `children'Page in Trubačev: V 14Old Church Slavic:děti `children' [Nompf]Russian:déti `children' [Nom p]Czech:děti `children' [Nom p]Slovak:Polish:Slovincian:ʒìe̯cä `children' [Nom p]Bulgarian:déti (dial.) `children' [Nom p]Page in Pokorny: 241Comments: A derivative of the root * dʰeh₁-, cf. Latv. dę̂ls `son', dêt `suck'. The singular *dětь is hardly attested. The common singular of the word for `child' is -> *dětę, wehere the suffix *-t- was enlarged with the suffix *-ę < *- ent-, which is frequent in designations of young living creatures.Other cognates: -
4 dělati
dělati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `do'Page in Trubačev: IV 231-232Old Church Slavic:dělati `do, work' [verb], dělajǫ [1sg]Russian:délat' `do' [verb], délaju [1sg]Czech:dělati `do, work' [verb]Polish:dziaɫać `act, be active, operate' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:djȅlati `do' [verb], djȅlām [1sg];Čak. dȉlati `do' [verb], dȉlå̄š [2sg];Čak. dȅlat `do, make, work' [verb], dȅlan [1sg]Slovene:dẹ́lati `do, work' [verb], dẹ̑lam [1sg]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: deʔl-Lithuanian:dėlioti `put down, away' [verb]Old Prussian:dīlants `worker'Page in Pokorny: 235Comments: Derivative of -> *dě̀lo.Other cognates:Skt. dádhāti `put, place, make' [verb]; -
5 stьlati
stьlati Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `spread'Old Church Slavic:Russian:Czech:stláti `make one's bed' [verb]Old Czech:Slovene:stláti `strew' [verb], stę́ljem [1sg]Bulgarian:stélja `cover, spread' [verb]Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: st(H)l-Other cognates: -
6 činìti
činìti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: cPage in Trubačev: IV 112-113Old Church Slavic:Russian:činít' `repair' [verb], činjú [1sg], čínit [3sg];činít' `carry out, execute' [verb], činjú [1sg], činít [3sg]Czech:Slovak:Polish:czynić `do, make, carry out, act' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:čìniti `do, make, sift' [verb], čìnīm [1sg];Čak. činȉti (Orbanići) `make, force' [verb], činĩn [1sg]Slovene:číniti `sift, do, bring about' [verb], čȋnim [1sg]Bulgarian:čínja `do, cost' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: kwei-n-Page in Pokorny: 637Comments: In view of the *-n-, we seem to be dealing with a derivative of činъ.Other cognates:Skt. cinóti `gather, arrange, pile up' [verb] -
7 dě̀lo
dě̀lo Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `work, deed'Page in Trubačev: V 5-8Old Church Slavic:dělo `work, matter' [n s/o], dělese [Gens], děla [Gens]Russian:délo `business, matter, thing' [n o]Czech:dílo `work' [n o]Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:Upper Sorbian:dźěɫo `work' [n o]Serbo-Croatian:djȅlo `deed, act' [n o];Čak. dȉlo (Vrgada) `deed, act' [n o];Čak. dȅlo (Novi) `deed, act' [n o];Čak. dȅlo (Orbanići) `wok, job' [n o], dȅla [Nom p]Slovene:dẹ́lọ `work, act, deed' [verb]Bulgarian:délo `work, act, deed' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: dʰeh₁-l-Page in Pokorny: 235Comments: Derivative with an l-suffix of * dʰeh₁- `put, make'.Other cognates:Skt. dádhāti `put, place, make' [verb]; -
8 mǭtìti
mǭtìti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `stir, trouble'Page in Trubačev: XX 142-145Old Church Slavic:mǫtiti (Ps. Sin., Supr.) `disquiet' [verb]Russian:mutít' `trouble, stir up' [verb], mučú [1sg], mutít [3sg]Czech:mútit' (dial.) `churn' [verb]Old Czech:mútiti `trouble, grieve, torment' [verb]Slovak:mútit' `trouble, churn' [verb]Polish:mącić `trouble, disturb' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:mútiti `trouble, confuse' [verb], mȗtīm [1sg];Čak. mūtȉti (Vrgada) `trouble, confuse' [verb], mũtīš [2sg];Čak. muotȉt (Orbanići) `stir, make turbid, muddy, confuse, entangle, talk smb. into smth.' [verb], muõti [3sg]Slovene:mǫ́titi `trouble, stir' [verb], mǫ́tim [1sg]Bulgarian:mắtja `trouble, disturb' [verb]Lithuanian:mę̃sti `mix' [verb], meñčia [3sg]Indo-European reconstruction: ment-Page in Pokorny: 732Other cognates:Skt. mánthati `whirl, rub' [verb]Notes: -
9 bьčelà
bьčelà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `bee'Page in Trubačev: III 104-105Old Church Slavic:Russian:pčeĺa `bee' [f ā];bčelá (dial.) `bee' [f ā];bželá (dial.) `bee' [f ā]Ukrainian:bdžolá `bee' [f ā];pčolá `bee' [f ā]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Upper Sorbian:Lower Sorbian:Polabian:celă `bee' [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:pčèla `bee' [f ā];čèla `bee' [f ā];Čak. čȅla (Vrgada) `bee' [f ā];Čak. čelȁ (Novi) `bee' [f ā];Čak. čȅlica (Orbanići) `bee' [f jā]Slovene:bǝčę̑la `bee' [f ā];bčę̑la `bee' [f ā];čǝbę̑la `bee' [f ā];čǝbę̑la `bee' [f ā];čę̑la `bee' [f ā];čmę̑la `bee' [f ā]Bulgarian:pčelá `bee' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bi-t-; bi-kel-eh₂Lithuanian:bìtė `bee' [f ē] 2Latvian:Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: bʰi-IE meaning: beePage in Pokorny: 116Comments: The North European root bʰi occurs with various suffixes. The *-k- of the Slavic forms is also found in OIr. bech < *bi-ko-. The main alternative etymology departs from PSl. *bъčela and advocates a connection with bučati `make a loud noise, roar'. This is the eymology preferred by Sɫawski (SP I: 456-457).Other cognates:OIc. bý `bee' [n];OE béo `bee' [f];Notes: -
10 ȇdlь
ȇdlь; edlà Grammatical information: f. i; f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `spruce, fir'Page in Trubačev: VI 14-15Russian:Czech:Old Czech:Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:jedla [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:jéla `fir' [f ā];jȅla `fir' [f ā];Čak. jȅla (Vrgada) `tree-trunk' [f ā]Slovene:ję̑l `spruce, fir' [f i], jelȋ [Gens];ję̑la `spruce, fir' [f ā]Bulgarian:jelá `fir' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: edli-Lithuanian:ẽglė `spruce, fir' [f ē] 2Latvian:Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: h₁edʰ-l-iIE meaning: spruce, firPage in Pokorny: 289-290Comments: Connecting the name of the `spruce' or `fir-tree' with Lith. ãdata `needle' and adýti `to darn', as advocated by Fraenkel ( Fraenkel I: 117-118) and Pokorny, is semantically attractive but does not make much sense in relation to Lat. ebulum (cf. Andersen 1996: 119).Other cognates:Lat. ebulum `dwarf-elder, danewort (sambucus ebulus)' [n], ebulus `dwarf-elder, danewort (sambucus ebulus)' [f];Notes: -
11 edlà
ȇdlь; edlà Grammatical information: f. i; f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `spruce, fir'Page in Trubačev: VI 14-15Russian:Czech:Old Czech:Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:jedla [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:jéla `fir' [f ā];jȅla `fir' [f ā];Čak. jȅla (Vrgada) `tree-trunk' [f ā]Slovene:ję̑l `spruce, fir' [f i], jelȋ [Gens];ję̑la `spruce, fir' [f ā]Bulgarian:jelá `fir' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: edli-Lithuanian:ẽglė `spruce, fir' [f ē] 2Latvian:Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: h₁edʰ-l-iIE meaning: spruce, firPage in Pokorny: 289-290Comments: Connecting the name of the `spruce' or `fir-tree' with Lith. ãdata `needle' and adýti `to darn', as advocated by Fraenkel ( Fraenkel I: 117-118) and Pokorny, is semantically attractive but does not make much sense in relation to Lat. ebulum (cf. Andersen 1996: 119).Other cognates:Lat. ebulum `dwarf-elder, danewort (sambucus ebulus)' [n], ebulus `dwarf-elder, danewort (sambucus ebulus)' [f];Notes: -
12 gnusiti
gnusiti Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: VI 182Russian:gnusít' (dial.) `abhor' [verb]Czech:Slovak:Polish:gnusić się (dial.) `dawdle, loiter' [verb]Old Polish:gnusić `be slow' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:gnúsiti `make dirty, repulsive' [verb]Slovene:gnúsiti `make repulsive, defile, loathe' [verb], gnúsim [1sg]Bulgarian:gnusjá se `loathe' [verb]Notes:\{1\} This form could also belong to gnǫšati sę. -
13 čarъ
čarъ Grammatical information: m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `magic, sorcery'Page in Trubačev: IV 26Old Church Slavic:Russian:čáry `magic, enchantment' [Nompm o]Czech:čáry `magic, sorcery' [Nompm o] \{1\}Old Czech:čáry `magic, sorcery' [Nompm o] \{1\}Slovak:Polish:Slovene:čȃr `sorcery, magic' [m o]Bulgarian:Lithuanian:keraĩ `sorcery' [Nplm o]Indo-European reconstruction: kwēr-o-Page in Pokorny: 641Comments: Unlike Baltic, Slavic has a lengthened grade vowel in the word for `sorcery'. It is possible that čarъ and čara continue a root noun.Other cognates:Skt. karóti `make' [verb]Notes:\{1\} The singular čár is uncommon. The SSJČ also mentions čár or čar (poet.) `unusual beauty, magical appeal'. -
14 ęčati
ęčati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `wail, moan'Page in Trubačev: VI 61-62Church Slavic:Russian:jačát' (dial.) `wail, moan' [verb]Old Russian:Czech:Old Czech:jěčěti `scream, moan' [verb]Slovak:Polish:jęczeć `moan' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:jéčati `resound, moan' [verb]Slovene:ję́čati `whine, moan' [verb], ječímBulgarian:ečá `sound, buzz' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ink-Lithuanian:inkštėti (dial.) `stammer' [verb]Other cognates: -
15 glumiti
glumiti Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: VI 148-149Old Church Slavic:glumiti sę (Ril., Supr.) `be distracted, talk idly' [verb], glumljǫ sę [1sg]Church Slavic:Russian:Old Russian:Polish:gɫumić (dial.) `spoil, mock' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:glúmiti `play (on stage)' [verb]Slovene:glúmiti se `joke' [verb], glúmim se [1sg]Indo-European reconstruction: gʰlou-m-Page in Pokorny: 451Other cognates: -
16 govorìti
govorìti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `speak, talk'Page in Trubačev: VII 75-76Old Church Slavic:Russian:govorít' `speak, talk' [verb], govorjú [1sg], govorít [3sg]Czech:hovořiti `speak, talk' [verb]Slovak:Old Polish:goworzyć `speak, talk' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:govòriti `speak, talk' [verb], gòvorīm [1sg];Čak. govorȉti (Vrgada) `speak, talk' [verb], govȍrīš [2sg];Čak. govorȉt (Orbanići) `speak, talk, say' [verb], govȍrin [1sg]Slovene:govoríti `speak, talk' [verb], govorím [1sg]Bulgarian:govórja `speak, talk, say' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: gou-Other cognates:Skt. jóguve `call, invoke' [verb];Notes: -
17 klìkati
klìkati; klìcati Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `cry out, call'Page in Trubačev: X 41Old Church Slavic:Russian:klíkat' `call' [verb]Old Czech:klíčeti `call' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:klȉcati `cheer, shout, cry out, call' [verb];klȉkati (dial.) `cry out, make a merry noise' [verb];Čak. kl̨ȉcati (Vrgada) `cheer, shout, cry out, call' [verb];Čak. klȉcat (Orbanići) `announce (news, publicly)' [verb];Slovene:klícati `shout, call' [verb], klȋčem [1sg]Lithuanian:klỹkti `shout, cry out' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: kleik- -
18 klìcati
klìkati; klìcati Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `cry out, call'Page in Trubačev: X 41Old Church Slavic:Russian:klíkat' `call' [verb]Old Czech:klíčeti `call' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:klȉcati `cheer, shout, cry out, call' [verb];klȉkati (dial.) `cry out, make a merry noise' [verb];Čak. kl̨ȉcati (Vrgada) `cheer, shout, cry out, call' [verb];Čak. klȉcat (Orbanići) `announce (news, publicly)' [verb];Slovene:klícati `shout, call' [verb], klȋčem [1sg]Lithuanian:klỹkti `shout, cry out' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: kleik- -
19 mъčati
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20 mъlviti
mъlviti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `speak, say'Page in Trubačev: XX 227-228Old Church Slavic:Russian:mólvit' (obs., dial.) `say' [verb]Ukrainian:móvyty `speak, say' [verb]Czech:Slovak:Polish:mówić `speak, say' [verb]Slovincian:mùo̯vjĩc `speak, say' [verb]Slovene:móɫviti `grumble, mumble' [verb], móɫvim [1sg]Bulgarian:mălvjá `whisper, rumour' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: rIndo-European reconstruction: mluH-eh₂Other cognates:Skt. brávīti `speak, say'
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